Can You Lose a Baby in the Second Trimester

KEY POINTS

• Miscarriage is when a baby dies in the womb before 20 weeks of pregnancy. Some women take a miscarriage before they know they're meaning.

• Nosotros don't know all the causes of miscarriage, just issues with chromosomes in genes cause most.

• Information technology tin can take a few weeks to a month or more than for your body to recover from a miscarriage. It may have longer to recover emotionally.

• Talk to your health intendance provider most having medical tests earlier y'all try to become pregnant again.

• Most women who expel go on to have a good for you pregnancy later.

What is miscarriage?

Miscarriage (also called early pregnancy loss) is when a baby dies in the womb (uterus) before 20 weeks of pregnancy. For women who know they're pregnant, well-nigh x to fifteen in 100 pregnancies (10 to 15 percent) end in miscarriage. Almost miscarriages happen in the first trimester before the twelfth week of pregnancy. Miscarriage in the 2nd trimester (between 13 and 19 weeks) happens in 1 to v in 100 (1 to 5 percent) pregnancies.

As many as half of all pregnancies may end in miscarriage. Nosotros don't know the exact number because a miscarriage may happen before a woman knows she's pregnant. Nearly women who expel go along to have a good for you pregnancy later.

What are repeat miscarriages?

If you accept repeat miscarriages (also called recurrent pregnancy loss), yous have two or more miscarriages in a row. Most 1 in 100 women (1 percent) have repeat miscarriages. Virtually women who take repeat miscarriages (50 to 75 in 100 or 75 percent) have an unknown cause. And most women with echo miscarriages with an unknown crusade (65 in 100 women or 65 percent) go on to have a successful pregnancy.

What causes miscarriage and repeat miscarriages?

We don't know what causes every miscarriage. Only some miscarriages and repeat miscarriages can be caused by:

Problems with chromosomes
Virtually half of all miscarriages are caused when an embryo (fertilized egg) gets the incorrect number of chromosomes. This usually happens past adventure and not from a trouble passed from parent to child through genes. Chromosomes are the structures in cells that holds genes. Each person has 23 pairs of chromosomes, or 46 in all. For each pair, you get one chromosome from your mother and one from your male parent. Examples of chromosome problems that tin can cause miscarriage include:

• Blighted ovum. This is when an embryo implants in the uterus but doesn't develop into a babe. If y'all have a fated ovum, you may have dark-brown haemorrhage from the vagina early in pregnancy. If yous've had signs or symptoms of pregnancy, similar sore breasts or nausea (feeling sick to your stomach), you may stop having them.
• Intrauterine fetal demise. This is when an embryo stops developing and dies.
• Tooth pregnancy. This is when tissue in the uterus forms into a tumor at the kickoff of pregnancy.
• Translocation. This is when office of a chromosome moves to some other chromosome. Translocation causes a small number of repeat miscarriages.

Problems with the uterus or cervix.
The cervix is the opening to the uterus that sits at the top of the vagina. Issues with the uterus and cervix that can cause miscarriage include:

• Septate uterus. This is when a band of muscle or tissue (called a septum) divides the uterus in two sections. If you have a septate uterus, your provider may recommend surgery earlier you effort to become pregnant to repair the uterus to help reduce your adventure of miscarriage. Septate uterus the most common kind of congenital uterine abnormality. This means it'southward a condition that you're born with that affects the size, shape or structure of the uterus. Septate uterus is a common cause of echo miscarriages.
• Asherman syndrome. If you have this condition, you lot have scars or scar tissue in the uterus that tin damage the endometrium (the lining of the uterus). Before you go pregnant, your provider may apply a procedure called hysteroscopy to find and remove scar tissue. Asherman syndrome may often cause echo miscarriages that happen before you know you're meaning.
• Fibroids (growths) in the uterus or scars from surgery on the uterus. Fibroids and scars can limit space for your baby or interfere with your infant's blood supply. Before you attempt to get pregnant, yous may need a surgery chosen myomectomy to remove them.
• Cervical insufficiency (likewise chosen incompetent cervix). This is when your cervix opens (dilates) as well early during pregnancy, usually without hurting or contractions. Contractions are when the muscles of your uterus go tight and then relax to help push your baby out during labor and nascency. Cervical insufficiency may lead to miscarriage, ordinarily in the 2nd trimester. To assistance prevent this, your provider may recommend cerclage. This is a stitch your provider puts in your cervix to help keep information technology airtight.

Infections
Infections, similar sexually transmitted infections (also called STIs) and listeriosis, can cause miscarriage. An STI, similar genital herpes and syphilis, is an infection you lot can get from having sex with someone who is infected. If you think you may have an STI, tell your wellness care provider right away. Early testing and treatment can aid protect you and your baby. Listeriosis is a kind of food poisoning. If you think yous accept listeriosis, call your provider right abroad. Your provider may treat you with antibiotics to assistance continue you and your baby condom. Having certain infections may cause miscarriage, but they're not probable to cause echo miscarriages.

Are y'all at risk for a miscarriage?

Some things may make you more likely than other adult female to have a miscarriage. These are called risk factors. Chance factors for miscarriage include:

• Having two or more than previous miscarriages
• Existence 35 or older. Every bit you go older, your risk of having a miscarriage increases.
• Smoking, drinking alcohol or using harmful drugs. If you're pregnant or thinking about getting pregnant and need aid to quit, tell your provider.
• Beingness exposed to harmful chemicals. You or your partner having contact with harmful chemicals, like solvents, may increase your take a chance of miscarriage. A solvent is a chemical that dissolves other substances, like pigment thinner. Talk to your provider about what you can do to protect yourself and your baby.

Some health conditions may increase your risk for miscarriage. Handling of these atmospheric condition before and during pregnancy can sometimes help preclude miscarriage and repeat miscarriages. If you have whatsoever of these health atmospheric condition, tell your health care provider before you get meaning or as shortly as you know you lot're pregnant:

• Autoimmune disorders. These are health conditions that happen when antibodies (cells in the body that fight off infections) assail healthy tissue by mistake. Autoimmune disorders that may increase your gamble of miscarriage include antiphospholipid syndrome (also called APS) and lupus (also called systemic lupus erythematosus or SLE). If you have APS, your body makes antibodies that attack certain fats that line the blood vessels; this can sometimes cause claret clots. If yous have APS and have had repeat miscarriages, your provider may give y'all low-dose aspirin and a medicine called heparin during pregnancy and for a few weeks after y'all give birth to help prevent some other miscarriage. Lupus can cause swelling, pain and sometimes organ damage. It can impact your joints, skin, kidneys, lungs and blood vessels. If y'all have lupus, your provider may treat you with low-dose aspirin and heparin during pregnancy.
• Obesity. This means you lot accept too much body fat and your trunk mass index (also called BMI) is 30 or higher. BMI is a mensurate of torso fat based on your peak and weight. If you're obese, your chances of having a miscarriage may increase. To find out your BMI, go to cdc.gov/bmi.
• Hormone bug, like polycystic ovary syndrome (also called PCOS) and luteal phase defect. Hormones are chemicals made by the body. PCOS happens when yous have hormone problems and cysts on the ovaries. A cyst is a closed pocket of that contains air, fluid or semi-solid substances. If you're trying to get pregnant, your provider may requite you medicine to help you ovulate (release an egg from your ovary into the fallopian tubes). Luteal phase defect can cause repeat miscarriages. It'southward when you accept low levels of progesterone over several menstrual cycles. Progesterone is a hormone that helps regulate your periods and gets your body ready for pregnancy. If yous have luteal phase defect, your provider may recommend handling with progesterone before and during pregnancy to assistance preclude repeat miscarriages.
• Preexisting diabetes (as well called type 1 or type ii diabetes). Diabetes is when you lot have too much sugar (too called glucose) in your blood. Preexisting diabetes means yous have diabetes before you become pregnant.
• Thyroid issues, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. They thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in your neck. Hypothyroidism is when the thyroid gland doesn't make enough thyroid hormones. Hyperthyroidism is when the thyroid gland makes too many thyroid hormones.
• Having certain prenatal tests, like amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling. These tests have a slight risk of miscarriage. Your provider may recommend them if your baby is at risk for certain genetic weather, like Down syndrome.

Having an injury to your abdomen, like from falling down or getting hit, isn't a high take chances for miscarriage. Your torso does a good chore of protecting your infant in the early weeks of pregnancy.

You may accept heard that getting too much caffeine during pregnancy can increment your risk for miscarriage. Caffeine is a drug found in foods, drinks, chocolate and some medicine. It'due south a stimulant, which means it tin can aid proceed yous awake. Some studies say caffeine may crusade miscarriage, and some say information technology doesn't. Until nosotros know more about how caffeine tin can affect pregnancy, it's all-time to limit the amount y'all get to 200 milligrams each twenty-four hour period. This is what's in about one 12-ounce cup of coffee.

What are the signs and symptoms of miscarriage?

Signs of a condition are things someone else can come across or know near you, similar yous take a rash or you lot're coughing. Symptoms are things you feel yourself that others can't see, like having a sore throat or feeling light-headed.

Signs and symptoms of miscarriage include:

• Bleeding from the vagina or spotting
• Cramps like you feel with your menstruation
• Severe belly pain

If you have whatsoever of these signs or symptoms, call your provider. Your provider may desire to exercise some tests to make sure everything's OK. These tests tin can include claret tests, a pelvic exam and an ultrasound. An ultrasound is a exam that uses sound waves and a computer screen to show a picture of your baby inside the womb.

Many women have these signs and symptoms in early pregnancy and don't miscarry.

What treatment practise yous get after a miscarriage or echo miscarriages?

If you've had a miscarriage, your provider may recommend:

1. Dilation and curettage (too called D&C). This is a procedure to remove any remaining tissue from the uterus. Your provider dilates (widens) your neck and removes the tissue with suction or with an instrument chosen a curette.
2. Medicine. Your provider may recommend medicine that can help your torso laissez passer tissue that's still in the uterus.

Do yous demand any medical tests afterward a miscarriage or echo miscarriages?

If you miscarry in your first trimester, you lot probably don't need any medical tests. Because nosotros don't often know what causes a miscarriage in the first trimester, tests may not exist helpful in trying to find out a cause.

If yous have repeat miscarriages in the start trimester, or if you have a miscarriage in the second trimester, your provider commonly recommends tests to help observe out the crusade. Tests can include:

• Chromosome tests. Y'all and your partner tin have claret tests, like karyotyping, to check for chromosome bug. Karyotyping can count how many chromosomes there are and check to meet if any chromosomes have inverse. If tissue from the miscarriage is bachelor, your provider tin can test it for chromosomal atmospheric condition.
• Hormone tests. Yous may accept your blood tested to check for bug with hormones. Or you lot may have a procedure called endometrial biopsy that removes a small-scale slice of the lining of the uterus to check for hormones.
• Blood tests to check your immune organization. Your provider may exam you for autoimmune disorders like, APS and lupus.
• Looking at the uterus. You may accept an ultrasound, a hysteroscopy (when your provider inserts a special scope through the neck to see your uterus) or a hysterosalpingography (an X-ray of the uterus).

How long does it have to recover from a miscarriage?

It tin can take a few weeks to a month or more for your body to recover from a miscarriage. Depending on how long you were pregnant, you may take pregnancy hormones in your blood for 1 to ii months after you miscarry. Nearly women get their period again 4 to 6 weeks after a miscarriage.

It may take longer to recover emotionally from a miscarriage. You may have potent feelings of grief about the death of your baby. Grief is all the feelings you have when someone close to you lot dies. Grief can make you feel sad, angry, confused or lonely. It's OK to take fourth dimension to grieve after a miscarriage. Enquire your friends and family unit for support, and find special ways to remember your baby. For example, if you already have baby things, similar dress and blankets, you may want to proceed them in a special identify. Or you may accept religious or cultural traditions that you'd like to exercise for your baby. Do what's right for y'all.

Certain things, like hearing names you were thinking of for your babe or seeing other babies, can be painful reminders of your loss. Y'all may need aid learning how to bargain with these situations and the feelings they create. Tell your provider if you demand assist to bargain with your grief. And visit Share Your Story, the March of Dimes online community where yous can talk with other parents who have had a miscarriage. We besides offering the free booklet From hurt to healing that has data and resource for grieving parents.

If you miscarry, when can you try to get pregnant over again?

This is a decision for you to make with your partner and your provider. It's probably OK to go pregnant once more after you've had at least one normal period. If y'all're having medical tests to try to detect out more most why y'all miscarried, you may demand to wait until after you've had these tests to try to become pregnant once again.

You may not be emotionally set up to try again so soon. Miscarriage tin exist hard to handle, and you may demand time to grieve. It's OK if you lot want to expect a while before trying to become meaning again.

More than information

• From hurt to healing (free booklet from the March of Dimes for grieving parents)
• Share Your Story (March of Dimes online community for families to share experiences with prematurity, birth defects or loss)
• Centering Corporation (grief information and resources)
• Empathetic Friends (resources for families later on the decease of a child)
• Journey Plan of Seattle Children's Hospital (resources for families subsequently the expiry of a kid)
• Lupus Research Alliance: Pregnancy and family unit planning
• Share Pregnancy & Infant Loss Support  (resources for families with pregnancy or infant loss)

Last reviewed: November, 2017

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Source: https://www.marchofdimes.org/complications/miscarriage.aspx